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| The track, mechanism and reflection of policy changes of innovation and entrepreneurship education in Chinese universities |
| YANG Dong |
| （Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China） |
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Abstract Policy changes of innovation and entrepreneurship education have gone through four stages in Chinese universities: startup, pilot implementation, comprehensive promotion, transformation and upgrade. This study deconstructs the policy change mechanism based on the theory of institutional change. It finds that the change is led by the government and integrates universities and society in terms of main protagonists. Benefit maximization of national innovation and entrepreneurship based on "Pareto Optimality" is the change purpose. Structural tension between the supply of innovative and entrepreneurial talents and social demand as well as the change of cognitive preference of innovation and entrepreneurship education are the driving force of change. The change mode is mainly compulsory change, supplemented by induced change. The late exogenous path that focuses on scale expansion and system construction is the change path. Although this change has strongly promoted popularization and implementation, system optimization and paradigm transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship education, its multiagent synergy still needs to be further improved, internal and external value benefits need to be further balanced, and method inertia and path dependence need to be further surpassed. Therefore, China needs to perfect an integrated participation mechanism for multiple stakeholders of innovation and entrepreneurship education, so as to form a synergistic and interactive force for policy changes; to pay attention to balance and unification of the social value and ontological value of innovation and entrepreneurship education, and optimize the goal and motivation mechanism of policy changes; to promote organic coupling and linkage of mandatory changes and induced changes of innovation and entrepreneurship education policies, and adopt a method of "combination of point and area, key breakthroughs" to optimize the path of policy changes; to coordinate the evaluation drive and connotative development of innovation and entrepreneurship education, and lead the practice to improve quality and efficiency in a deeper level.
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2021, Vol. 15 
